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#701
Medium Algorithms

Insert into a binary search tree

Tree Binary Search Tree Binary Tree
73.4% acceptance
Feb 21, 2026
6412
188
You are given the root node of a binary search tree (BST) and a value to insert into the tree. Return the root node of the BST after the insertion. It is guaranteed that the new value does not exist in the original BST. Notice that there may exist multiple valid ways for the insertion, as long as the tree remains a BST after insertion. You can return any of them.

Solution

Rust
Time O(n)
Space O(n)
LeetCode
solution.rs
/*
 * You are given the root node of a binary search tree (BST) and a value to insert into the tree. Return the root node of the BST after the insertion. It is guaranteed that the new value does not exist in the original BST.
 * Notice that there may exist multiple valid ways for the insertion, as long as the tree remains a BST after insertion. You can return any of them.
 * Example 1:
 * Input: root = [4,2,7,1,3], val = 5
 * Output: [4,2,7,1,3,5]
 * Explanation: Another accepted tree is:
 * Example 2:
 * Input: root = [40,20,60,10,30,50,70], val = 25
 * Output: [40,20,60,10,30,50,70,null,null,25]
 * Example 3:
 * Input: root = [4,2,7,1,3,null,null,null,null,null,null], val = 5
 * Output: [4,2,7,1,3,5]
 * Constraints:
 * The number of nodes in the tree will be in the range [0, 104].
 * -108 <= Node.val <= 108
 * All the values Node.val are unique.
 * -108 <= val <= 108
 * It's guaranteed that val does not exist in the original BST.
 */
use std::rc::Rc;
use std::cell::RefCell;
impl Solution {
  pub fn insert_into_bst(root: Option<Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>>, val: i32) -> Option<Rc<RefCell<TreeNode>>> {
    match root {
      None => Some(Rc::new(RefCell::new(TreeNode::new(val)))),
      Some(node) => {
        if val < node.borrow().val {
          let left = node.borrow_mut().left.take();
          node.borrow_mut().left = Solution::insert_into_bst(left, val);
        } else {
          let right = node.borrow_mut().right.take();
          node.borrow_mut().right = Solution::insert_into_bst(right, val);
        }
        Some(node)
      }
    }
  }
}